Mayar da nm zuwa m nanomita ↔ mita Kyauta A kan layi Amintacce

Saka tsawon igiyar haske cikin lissafi: yadda ake canza nm zuwa m

Ana rubuta dabarun physics don mita, amma ana auna haske, atom da ƙwayoyin halitta da nanomita. Ɗalibin da aka gaya wa cewa koren haske yana da tsawon igiya na 550 nm ba zai iya sa wannan kai tsaye a dabarar mita ko kuzarin photon ba; dole 550 ya zama 0.00000055 m, ko 5.5 sau goma zuwa ragi bakwai. Kowane darasi na optics, kowane dakin gwaji na spectroscopy da kowane takardar bayanai ta laser ko LED yana buƙatar wannan mataki ɗaya. Don yin shi, kana canza nm zuwa m, kuma wannan shafi yana yi yayin da kake rubutu, yana nuna sakamakon cikakke da kuma a rubutun kimiyya.

Ƙa'idar rabawa ce da biliyan ɗaya, wanda yake motsa alamar ƙima wurare tara zuwa hagu. Daidai ne, amma sakamakon yana da sifilai da yawa, shi ya sa rubutun kimiyya shi ne hanya mafi bayyana ta rubuta shi. Sassan da ke ƙasa suna ba da ƙa'idar tare da misalai, hotunan ma'auni biyu, kwatance, wuraren da ake buƙatar canjin da kurakuran da za a guje wa.

Yadda ake canza nm zuwa m: a raba da 1,000,000,000

Ƙa'idar

Nanomita ɗaya kashi ɗaya cikin biliyan ne na mita, 10 zuwa ragi na tara. Don canza nm zuwa m, a raba adadin nanomita da biliyan ɗaya, ko a motsa alamar ƙima wurare tara zuwa hagu. 1 nm shi ne 1e-9 m, 550 nm shi ne 5.5e-7 m, 0.3 nm shi ne 3e-10 m kuma 1,000,000,000 nm shi ne 1 m. A hanyar da ta saɓa, a ninka da biliyan ɗaya.

Misalai

Koren haske na 550 nm shi ne 5.5e-7 m. Jan haske na 700 nm shi ne 7e-7 m. Layin ultraviolet na 254 nm shi ne 2.54e-7 m. Ƙwayar cuta ta 100 nm ita ce 1e-7 m. Ƙwayar ruwa ta 0.3 nm ita ce 3e-10 m. Atom na hydrogen na 0.1 nm shi ne 1e-10 m.

Ƙidaya da dubbai

Don canza nm zuwa m a zuci, tafi a matakai na uku: nanomita zuwa micromita wurare uku ne, micromita zuwa milimita wasu uku, milimita zuwa mita wasu uku. 550 nm shi ne 0.55 µm, sannan 0.00055 mm, sannan 0.00000055 m. Kowane mataki rabawa ne da dubu, kuma ukun tare suna ba da biliyan.

Rubutun kimiyya

A rubuta amsar a matsayin lamba tsakanin 1 da 10 sau ƙarfin goma. 550 nm ya zama 5.5 sau goma zuwa ragi 7. Maɗaukaki shi ne adadin wuraren da alamar ta motsa, tare da alamar ragi ga ƙaramar lamba. A kalkuleta, shigar da irin waɗannan ƙimomi da maɓallin E: 5.5E-7.

Nanomita

Kashi ɗaya cikin biliyan na mita

Nanomita kashi ɗaya cikin biliyan ne na mita. Prefix nano ya fito daga Greek na ɗan gajeren mutum. Ana amfani da ma'aunin ga tsawon igiyar haske, girman ƙwayoyin halitta da ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma siffofin microchip. Alamar ita ce nm.

Tsanin da ke ƙasa da micromita

Nanomita kashi ɗaya cikin dubu ne na micromita kuma sau dubu na picomita. Atom kusan 0.1 nm ne, wato picomita 100. Ångström, tsohon ma'auni na 0.1 nm, har yanzu yana bayyana a chemistry da crystallography.

Mita

Ma'aunin tushe

Mita shi ne ma'aunin tushe na SI na tsawo, wanda aka ayyana daga gudun haske. Ana rubuta dabarun physics da ma'aunin SI, don haka dole tsawon igiya ya kasance a mita don ba da mita a hertz ko kuzari a joules.

Tushen dabaru

Gudun haske, 299,792,458 m/s, madaidaicin Planck, 6.626e-34 J s, da madaidaicin Rydberg duka suna amfani da mita. Shi ya sa canjin shi ne mataki na farko a lissafi da yawa.

Kwatanta nanomita da mita

Mita biliyan ne na nanomita. Canjin daga nanomita zuwa mita yana samar da lambobi masu sifilai da yawa, kuma masana kimiyya suna rubuta su da ƙarfin goma. Tsawon igiya na 550 nm shi ne 5.5e-7 m; kewayon 380 zuwa 750 nm shi ne 3.8e-7 zuwa 7.5e-7 m.

Lokacin da kake gabatar da sakamako, ka riƙe nanomita inda lambobin ke da sauƙin karantawa da mita a dabaru. Kada ka haɗa su biyu a lissafi ba tare da canzawa ba; ƙimar biliyan abu ne mai sauƙin mantawa.

Inda za ka buƙace shi

Mitar haske

Mita tana daidai da gudun haske da aka raba da tsawon igiya. Ga 550 nm, canza zuwa 5.5e-7 m, sannan raba 3e8 da 5.5e-7 don samun hertz 5.45e14. Idan ka manta ka canza kuma ka yi amfani da 550, amsar ta fi ƙanƙanta sau biliyan. Jan haske na 700 nm yana da mita 4.3e14 Hz, na violet 400 nm 7.5e14 Hz.

Kuzarin photon

Kuzarin photon shi ne madaidaicin Planck sau mita, ko hc da aka raba da tsawon igiya. Ga 550 nm, 5.5e-7 m: 6.626e-34 sau 3e8 da aka raba da 5.5e-7 yana ba da joules 3.6e-19, electronvolt 2.25. Lissafin yana buƙatar matakin lissafin “canza nm zuwa m” da farko.

Diffraction da gratings

Grating mai layuka 600 a kowace milimita yana da tazara ta 1,667 nm, 1.667e-6 m. Ga haske na 550 nm kusurwar tsari na farko ita ce arcsine na 550 da aka raba da 1,667, wato digiri 19.3. Dabarar tana buƙatar duka biyun a ma'auni ɗaya; nanomita za su isa idan tazarar ma tana a nanomita.

Rediyo da microwaves

Igiyoyi masu tsawo suna a mita: tashar FM a 100 MHz tana da tsawon igiya na 3 m, 3e9 nm. Wayar hannu a 2.4 GHz tana da 12.5 cm, 1.25e8 nm. Spectrum na electromagnetic iri ɗaya yana rufe girma 15, daga gamma rays a 1e-3 nm zuwa dogayen igiyoyin rediyo na dubban mita.

Spectrum na electromagnetic

Daga X-rays zuwa rediyo

X-rays suna da tsawon igiya na 0.01 zuwa 10 nm, 1e-11 zuwa 1e-8 m. Ultraviolet shi ne 10 zuwa 400 nm. Haske mai gani shi ne 380 zuwa 750 nm. Infrared shi ne 750 nm zuwa 1 mm, 1e-3 m. Microwaves su ne 1 mm zuwa 1 m. Rediyo ya fi 1 m tsawo. Sanya kowane rukuni a mita yana ba da ma'auni ɗaya.

Tebur don tunani

Hard X-ray 0.1 nm, 1e-10 m; soft X-ray 5 nm, 5e-9 m; UV-C 254 nm, 2.54e-7 m; kore 550 nm, 5.5e-7 m; near infrared 1,000 nm, 1e-6 m; thermal infrared 10,000 nm, 1e-5 m.

Misali da aka warware

Wane launi ne laser?

Laser yana da tsawon igiya na 532 nm. Don canza nm zuwa m, raba da 1e9: 5.32e-7 m. Mitar ita ce 3e8 da aka raba da 5.32e-7, wato 5.64e14 Hz. Kuzarin photon shi ne 2.33 eV. Laser pointer na wannan tsawon igiya kore ne. Saurin kwatance da teburin spectrum da ke sama yana tabbatar da hakan.

Dubawa

Ninka 5.32e-7 da 1e9 za ka koma 532. Idan ka sami 5.32e2, wannan lamba ɗaya ce a siffar maɗaukaki.

Dubawa na ƙarshe

Tafiya da dawowa

A ninka amsarka da biliyan ɗaya. Idan ka koma ga nanomita da ka fara da su, canjin daidai ne. Idan ka sauka a 1e6 ko 1e12 sau da bambanci, ka duba maɗaukakin.

Bayanan kula

Rubuta lambobin biyu da maɗaukakin a bayananka. Mai karatu na gaba zai iya bin matakanka.

Laser a magani da masana'antu

Tsawon igiya da ayyukansu

Laser na diode don cire gashi yana aiki a 810 nm, 8.1e-7 m. Laser na tiyata na Nd:YAG yana fitar da 1,064 nm, 1.064e-6 m. Laser na yanka na carbon dioxide yana amfani da 10,600 nm, 1.06e-5 m. Laser na excimer don tiyatar ido yana aiki a 193 nm, 1.93e-7 m. Kowane tsawon igiya wani nama ko abu daban yake sha, don haka lambar nanomita a lakabin tana ƙayyade abin da na'urar take yi. Injiniyoyi da ke duba optics dole su canza nm zuwa m kafin su yi amfani da dabara.

Gilashin tsaro

Ana ƙididdige gilashi don kewayon tsawon igiya, kamar 800 zuwa 1,100 nm. Biyu don laser na 810 nm ba su da amfani ga na 193 nm. Koyaushe ka duba kewayon a ma'auni ɗaya da laser.

Hasken rana da ƙwayoyin hasken rana

Spectrum na rana

Hasken rana yana kaiwa kololuwa a kusan 500 nm, 5e-7 m, kuma yana yaɗuwa daga 300 zuwa 2,500 nm. Cell na silicon yana sha har zuwa 1,100 nm, 1.1e-6 m, band gap na 1.12 eV. Haske fiye da haka yana wucewa; gajeren tsawon igiya yana ba da kuzari fiye da yadda cell zai iya amfani, kuma ragowar ya zama zafi. Shi ya sa inganci yake iyakance ga kusan kashi 30 cikin ɗari ga haɗi ɗaya.

Lissafin iyaka

Tsawon igiya yana daidai da 1,240 da aka raba da band gap a electron volt, yana ba da nanomita: 1,240 da aka raba da 1.12 shi ne 1,107 nm. Don amfani da sakamakon a dabara tare da c da madaidaicin Planck, canza shi zuwa mita: 1.107e-6 m.

Spectrometer da daidaitawa

Karanta spectrum

Spectrometer yana zana ƙarfi bisa tsawon igiya a nanomita. Fitilun daidaitawa suna da layuka da aka sani: mercury a 253.7, 365.0, 404.7, 435.8, 546.1 da 577.0 nm; neon a 585.2 da 640.2 nm. Ɗalibin da yake daidaita ma'auni da waɗannan layuka yana koyon cewa kuskuren na'urar yawanci bai kai 1 nm ba, 1e-9 m.

Resolution

Spectrometer mai resolution na 0.1 nm yana iya bambanta layukan sodium biyu a 589.0 da 589.6 nm. A mita, bambancin shi ne 6e-10 m. Ƙaramar lambar tana nuna dalilin da ya sa masana spectroscopy suke fifita nanomita.

Ilimin taurari: redshift da hasken tauraro

Tsawon igiya da ya sauya

Layin hydrogen alpha a 656.3 nm, 6.563e-7 m, yana sauyawa zuwa tsawon igiya mafi tsawo a hasken taurarin galaxy da ke nesa. Redshift na 0.1 yana motsa shi zuwa 722 nm, 7.22e-7 m. Masana taurari suna lissafin redshift a matsayin sauyin tsawon igiya da aka raba da tsawon igiyar hutu, rabo da yake iri ɗaya a kowane ma'auni amma dole ya yi amfani da ma'auni ɗaya ga lambobin biyu. Don gano gudun galaxy, a ninka redshift da gudun haske a mita a daƙiƙa bayan lissafin “canza nm zuwa m” ga layukan.

Me ya sa nanomita

Spectra na taurari suna rufe dubban layuka, kowanne an san shi zuwa juzu'in nanomita. A mita, jerin zai zama tarin lambobi masu sifilai takwas ko tara bayan alamar ƙima. A nanomita, lambobi ne masu lambobi uku da za a bincika a kundi.

Atom da ƙwayoyin halitta a mita

Ma'aunin atom

Atom na hydrogen yana da radius na Bohr na 0.0529 nm, 5.29e-11 m. Atom na carbon kusan 0.17 nm ne a diamita, 1.7e-10 m. Tazara tsakanin atom na carbon a graphene ita ce 0.142 nm, 1.42e-10 m, kuma takarda ɗaya ta graphene tana da kauri 0.335 nm, 3.35e-10 m.

Ƙwayoyin halitta

DNA faɗinsa 2 nm ne, 2e-9 m. Protein irin haemoglobin 5.5 nm ne. Ribosome 25 nm ne. Lipid bilayer kauri 5 nm ne. Waɗannan girma suna tsakanin atom da ƙwayoyin halitta.

Microchip da siraran fim

Girman siffofi

Tsawon gate na 20 nm shi ne 2e-8 m. Fin na zamani faɗinsa 7 nm ne, 7e-9 m. Layin ƙarfe a processor na iya zama 20 nm. Oxide da yake rufe gate kauri kusan 1 nm ne, 1e-9 m, atom kaɗan ne kawai. Sunayen tsari kamar 3 nm lakabin tallace-tallace ne, ba ainihin tsayi ba.

Siraran fim

Rufin hana nunawa kusan 100 nm ne, 1e-7 m. Bangon kumfa na sabulu 300 nm ne. Tsawon igiyar launi da ake nunawa yana dogara da kauri, don haka injiniyoyi suna canzawa zuwa mita don amfani da dabarun interference.

Physics na quantum da atom

Tsawon igiyar De Broglie

Electron da aka haɓaka ta volt 100 yana da tsawon igiya na 0.123 nm, 1.23e-10 m, kusa da tazarar atom a crystal. Shi ya sa electrons suke diffract daga crystals kuma shi ya sa na'urorin duba electron za su iya gane atom. Lissafin a mita yake, amma ana faɗin sakamakon a nanomita.

Layukan spectrum

Hydrogen yana da layuka a 656.3, 486.1, 434.0 da 410.2 nm, 6.563e-7, 4.861e-7, 4.340e-7 da 4.102e-7 m. Dabarar Rydberg tana amfani da mita. Ɗalibai suna duba cewa tsawon igiyar da aka lissafa ya yi daidai da ƙimomin da aka lura.

Dabarun spreadsheet

Dabara

Don canza nm zuwa m ga ginshiƙi, sa nanomita a ginshiƙi A ka shigar da =A2/1E9 a ginshiƙi B. Tsara a rubutun kimiyya da lambobi uku bayan alama. Don akasin haka, ninka da 1E9. Idan kana buƙatar siffar maɗaukaki kawai, yi amfani da tsarin lamba na kimiyya.

Ƙimomin dubawa

Shigar da 1: sakamako 1E-09. Shigar da 550: 5.50E-07. Shigar da 1000000000: 1. Idan ka ga 0.00000055 kuma kana son maɗaukaki, canza tsarin cell.

Zagayawa da lambobi masu muhimmanci

Daidaita da bayanai

Tsawon igiya na 550 nm yana da lambobi masu muhimmanci biyu ko uku. Ƙimarsa a mita ita ce 5.5e-7 ko 5.50e-7. Kada ka rubuta 5.5000e-7, wanda yake nuna daidaito da bayanan ba su da shi. Tsawon igiyar laser an san su da daidaito fiye: 632.8 nm, 6.328e-7 m.

Yaɗuwa

Lokacin da ka yi amfani da tsawon igiyar da aka canza a dabara, sakamakon yana da adadin lambobi masu muhimmanci iri ɗaya. Mita daga 550 nm ita ce 5.5e14 Hz, ba 5.4545e14 ba.

Koyar da maɗaukaki

Matakai uku ƙasa

Don koyar da lissafin “canza nm zuwa m”, zana tsani: mita, milimita (1e-3), micromita (1e-6), nanomita (1e-9). Don tafiya daga nanomita zuwa mita kana hawa matakai uku, kana rabawa da dubu kowane lokaci. Ɗalibai suna ganin cewa maɗaukaki kawai ragi uku ne, ragi shida, ragi tara.

Atisaye

Ba ɗalibai tsawon igiya goma a nanomita ka nemi mita a rubutun kimiyya. Duba da wannan shafi. Kuskure mafi yawa shi ne rubuta 5.5e7 maimakon 5.5e-7.

Tarihin ma'aunin

Daga ångström

Kafin nanomita, masana spectroscopy suna amfani da ångström, 1e-10 m, mai suna bayan Anders Ångström wanda ya auna spectrum na rana a 1868. Nanomita ya maye gurbinsa a zamanin SI saboda ya dace da tsarin prefix. Tsawon igiya na 5,500 Å shi ne 550 nm.

Prefix nano

CGPM ta karɓi nano a 1960. Tun daga lokacin ya zama prefix da fasaha ta fi so.

Harshe da alamomi

Alamomi

Alamar ita ce nm, ƙananan haruffa, ba jam'i. Ana amfani da siffar maɗaukaki, 1e-9 ko 10 zuwa ragi 9, a dabaru. A rubutu na yau da kullum, rubuta 5.5e-7 m ko 5.5 x 10^-7 m.

Kalmomi

Nano daga Greek nanos, ɗan gajeren mutum. Ana kuma amfani da kalmar ga kashi ɗaya cikin biliyan na daƙiƙa, nanosecond, kashi ɗaya cikin biliyan na gram, nanogram, da sauransu.

Ƙarin ƙimomi don canza nm zuwa m

Jerin canje-canje mai tsawo

Idan ƙimar da kake buƙata ba ta cikin jerin farko ba, waɗannan ƙarin canje-canjen na iya zama kusa isa don karantawa kai tsaye:

• 0.1 nm = 0.0000000001 m
• 0.5 nm = 0.0000000005 m
• 3 nm = 0.000000003 m
• 4 nm = 0.000000004 m
• 7 nm = 0.000000007 m
• 15 nm = 0.000000015 m
• 20 nm = 0.00000002 m
• 75 nm = 0.000000075 m
• 200 nm = 0.0000002 m
• 500 nm = 0.0000005 m
• 2,000 nm = 0.000002 m
• 10,000 nm = 0.00001 m

Kurakurai lokacin da kake canza nm zuwa m

Alamar maɗaukaki mara kyau

5.5e7 miliyan 55 ne, ba tsawon igiya ba. Ƙananan lambobi suna da maɗaukaki mai ragi.

Wurare shida maimakon tara

Hakan yana ba da micromita. Ga mita, wurare tara.

Ninkawa maimakon rabawa

Mita ma'auni ne mafi girma, don haka lambar tana raguwa. Idan 550 nm ya zama 5.5e11, to ka ninka.

Amsoshi cikin sauri

Mita nawa ne a cikin nanomita?

Kashi ɗaya cikin biliyan, 1e-9.

Ta yaya zan canza nm zuwa m?

Raba da 1,000,000,000.

Menene 550 nm a mita?

5.5e-7 m.

Shin canjin daidai ne?

Eh, daidai ne.

Shin lambata tana barin na'urata?

A'a. Ana yin lissafin a burauzarka.

Shafuka masu alaƙa da kalma ta ƙarshe

Idan kana aiki da tsawo, waɗannan canje-canje suna kusa: Canza km zuwa m, Canza mm zuwa m, Canza m zuwa cm, Canza °C zuwa °F, Canza °F zuwa °C, Canza L zuwa gal, Canza gal zuwa L, Canza acres zuwa mi², Canza °F zuwa K. Akasin wannan shafi shi ne Canza m zuwa nm.

A taƙaice, don canza nm zuwa m a raba da biliyan, a rubuta amsar a rubutun kimiyya a riƙe lambobin da aunawarka ke goyon baya kawai. Lambarka tana nan a na'urarka: ba a ɗora komai ba kuma ba a buƙatar asusu.