Mayar da hp zuwa W ƙarfin doki (na inji) ↔ watt Kyauta A kan layi Amintacce
Ku rubuta ƙima a ƙarfin doki (na inji) ku karanta ta a watt nan take. Ma'aunin daidai ne bisa ayyanawa, lissafin yana faruwa a cikin burauzarku, kuma ba a aika komai ko'ina ba.
Ba a ɗora komai ba
Ƙimomin da aka fi amfani da su — Mayar da hp zuwa W (ƙarfin doki (na inji) ↔ watt)
| hp | W |
|---|---|
| 1 | 745.69987158227022 |
| 2 | 1491.39974316454044 |
| 3 | 2237.09961474681066 |
| 5 | 3728.4993579113511 |
| 10 | 7456.9987158227022 |
| 20 | 14913.9974316454044 |
| 50 | 37284.993579113511 |
| 100 | 74569.987158227022 |
Daga ina waɗannan ma'aunai suka fito
Ƙarfin doki (horsepower) ƙimar talla ce da ta daɗe fiye da tallar kanta. A shekarun 1780, James Watt yana buƙatar ya gaya wa masu injin niƙa darajar injin tururinsa da kalmomin da suka sani kawai, don haka ya auna abin da doki zai iya ja ya kuma kimanta shi zuwa 33,000 foot-pounds a minti ɗaya. An sa wa watt sunansa bayan ƙarni ɗaya, kuma shi ne ma'aunin SI, wanda aka bayyana ba tare da wata dabba ba: joule ɗaya a kowace daƙiƙa. Ba su taɓa cika yin daidai ba, kuma Turai ta ƙara na uku — ƙarfin doki na metric, wato PS ko CV da ake ƙididdige injunan Turai da shi, wanda ya fi ƙarfin dokin injina (mechanical horsepower) da ake amfani da shi a wannan shafin ƙanƙanta da kusan 1.4%.
Inda kuke haɗuwa da su
Watt da kilowatt suna auna duk abin da ke cin wuta ko samar da ita: tukunyar tafasa ruwa, injina, heat pump, na'urorin hasken rana, amplifier, cibiyoyin bayanai. Ƙarfin doki yana rayuwa kusan gaba ɗaya a cikin injuna — motoci, jiragen ruwa, tarakta da outboard — inda ya fi zama hanyar magana fiye da ma'auni. Motocin lantarki sun sa su biyun gefe da gefe a takardar bayani ɗaya, kuma a nan ne mafi yawan mutane yanzu suke lura cewa dole a juya lamba ɗaya zuwa ɗayan.
Tambayoyin da mutane ke yi
Wane horsepower wannan shafin yake amfani da shi?
Mechanical horsepower, 550 foot-pounds a kowace daƙiƙa, wanda ya kai kusan watt 745.7. Injunan Turai yawanci ana ƙididdige su da metric horsepower — wanda ake rubutawa PS, CV, ch ko pk — wanda shi ne watt 735.49875 daidai, kusan 1.4% ƙasa. Mota da aka tallata da 150 PS tana da kusan 148 mechanical hp. Bambancin ƙarami ne amma ba zagayen lamba ba ne, kuma kullum yana ƙawata lambar metric.
Me ya sa ake auna tukunyar tafasa ruwa da watt, amma injin mota da horsepower?
Al'ada ce kawai. Girma ɗaya ne, kuma tukunyar 2 kW da tukunyar 2.7 hp na'ura ɗaya ce. Wutar lantarki ta zo tana metric tun asali kuma ba a taɓa sa mata sunan doki ba; injuna kuwa sun zo da lambar tallar Watt ɗin kansa suka riƙe ta. Juyawar daidai ce a ma'anar cewa ma'anar ta tabbata — babu abin da ake aunawa a lokacin juyawa.
Shin amsar daidai ce?
Inda aka ayyana ma'aunai biyun ta hanyar juna da cikakkun lambobi, i — shafin yana faɗin haka a saman lambar, kuma zagaye kawai shi ne yawan lambobin da ake nunawa. Inda rabon ba shi da lambar goma mai ƙarewa, shafin yana nuna muhimman lambobi goma sha biyu kuma yana cewa alaƙar kintace ce maimakon ya yi kamar ba haka ba ne.
Shin wani abu da na rubuta yana barin na'urata?
A'a. Ana yin lissafin a cikin burauzarku; ba a ɗora komai ba, kuma babu uwar garke da za a ɗora zuwa gare ta. Ku buɗe shafin sau ɗaya zai ci gaba da aiki ko da an kashe hanyar sadarwa.
Ƙarfin doki zuwa watt: yadda dokin injin niƙa ya zama watt 745.7
An ƙirƙiri ƙarfin doki don sayar da injunan tururi. James Watt yana buƙatar gaya wa masu yin giya da masu injunan niƙa dawakai nawa inji zai maye gurbinsu, don haka ya mayar da aikin doki zuwa lamba, kuma wannan lamba tana nan a kan injuna, injunan yanka ciyawa da kasidar motoci fiye da ƙarni biyu bayan haka. Don Canza hp zuwa W, ninka da 745.7: 1 hp shi ne 745.7 W, 5 hp shi ne 3,728.5 W kuma 20 hp shi ne 14,914 W. Na'urar lissafin da ke sama tana ninkawa yayin da kake rubutawa, kuma sassan da ke biye suna duba yadda aka ayyana naúrar, waɗanne nau'ikan ne ke wanzuwa, da inda juzu'in ƙarfin doki ke bayyana a injunan gida.
A ƙasa akwai ƙa'ida da misalai, taƙaitattun bayanai kan kowace naúra, kwatance gefe da gefe da dogon jerin al'amuran tarihi da na aiki, da ƙarewa da kura-kuran da mutane suka fi yi. Ana lissafa komai a cikin gida a cikin shafin. Koyaushe duba farantin suna na inji kafin ka haɗa shi.
Yadda ake Canza hp zuwa W: ninka da 745.7
Ƙa'ida
Ƙarfin doki na inji daidai yake da foot-pound-force 550 a daƙiƙa, wato watt 745.6999. Don lissafin “Canza hp zuwa W”, ɗauki adadin ƙarfin dokin ninka 745.7: 0.5 hp yana ba da 372.8 W, 3 hp yana ba da 2,237 W kuma 12 hp yana ba da 8,948 W. Don komawa, ninka watt da 0.00134102.
Misalai da aka warware
Injin Wright Flyer na 1903, kusan 12 hp, ya samar da kusan 8,950 W. Ford Model T na 20 hp yana da 14,914 W. Na'urar buɗe ƙofar gareji ta 1/2 hp tana da 373 W, kuma na'urar hura iska ta tanderu ta 1/3 hp 249 W.
Sauran ƙarfin doki
Ƙarfin doki na metric, PS, shi ne 735.5 W. Ƙarfin doki na lantarki a kan farantin inji daidai yake da 746 W. Ƙarfin doki na tukunyar tururi da ake amfani da shi a tashar tururi shi ne 9,809.5 W, kusan sau goma sha uku girma. Lokacin da wani ya rubuta hp, na farko daga cikin waɗannan ne a kusan kowane yanayi na Amurka.
Gwajin hankali mai sauri
Ka yi tsammanin sakamakon watt ya wuce sau 700 na adadin hp. Lamba ƙarama fiye da wadda ka fara da ita tana nufin an yi amfani da 0.00134 inda 745.7 ya kamata.
Ƙarfin doki
Naúrar da aka ƙirƙira a matsayin hujjar sayarwa
Abokin hulɗar Watt, Matthew Boulton, ya sayar da injuna ga mutanen da ke da dawakai masu aiki, kuma lamba ta ba su damar kwatantawa. Ana cewa Watt ya lissafa cewa doki da ke tafiya a kewayen ƙafar niƙa mai radius na ƙafa 12, sau 2.4 a minti, a kan jan kusan fam 180, ya yi foot-pound 32,600 a minti, kuma ya zagaye adadin zuwa 33,000.
Inda take bayyana
Ma'aunin injuna da motoci na Amurka, kasidar injuna da lakabin kayan gida.
Watt
Naúrar da aka sa wa sunan Watt
Abin mamaki ne cewa naúrar SI ta ƙarfi tana ɗauke da sunan mutumin da ya shahara da ƙarfin doki. Watt joule ɗaya ne a daƙiƙa. An karɓi naúrar a ƙarshen ƙarni na sha tara kuma ta zama ɓangaren SI a 1960.
Inda take bayyana
Ma'aunin lantarki, takardun biya da ƙayyadadden aikin yawancin kayan gida na duniya.
Ƙarfin doki da watt
Idan aka ƙidaya a watt, inji yana kama da ya fi girma sau 700 fiye da a hp: kashi ɗaya cikin uku na ƙarfin doki yana zama 249 W kuma ƙarfin doki huɗu 2,983 W. Duka biyu suna bayyana ƙarfi iri ɗaya, kuma girman naúrar ne kawai ke canzawa.
Babu abin da ake rasawa a canjin. Mutane sun fi yin tuntuɓe a kan ƙarfin mashigar da ƙarfin da ake ja daga wutar.
Inda canjin yake bayyana
Injunan gida
Injunan juzu'in ƙarfin doki suna tafiyar da gidajen Amurka: fanka na rufi a 1/10 hp shi ne 75 W, injin matse firiji a 1/6 hp shi ne 124 W, famfon sump a 1/3 hp shi ne 249 W, kuma injin niƙa shara a 3/4 hp shi ne 559 W. Lissafin “Canza hp zuwa W” yana ba mai karatu a wajen Amurka damar ganin yadda waɗannan suke da watt a kan kayan gidansa.
Ƙarfin mashigar da ƙarfin wuta
Injin 1 hp yana ba da 746 W a mashigar, amma a ingancin kashi 80 cikin ɗari yana jan 932 W daga wutar. Ƙananan injuna ba su da inganci sosai, kashi 60 cikin ɗari ga 1/3 hp, wanda sai ya ja 414 W. Takardun biya suna bin adadin wutar.
Kuɗin aiki
Tafiyar da injin 1 hp na awa ɗaya tana amfani da kusan 0.93 kWh. Famfon wurin ninkaya na 1.5 hp, 1,119 W a mashigar da kusan 1.4 kW daga wutar, yana aiki na awa 8 a rana yana amfani da kusan 11 kWh a kullum, sama da 330 kWh a wata.
Labarin dokin niƙa
Labarin da aka sani yana nuna Watt yana auna doki da ke jan ƙafar niƙa a zagaye. Da ƙafa mai radius na ƙafa 12 da ake juya sau 2.4 a minti da jan fam 180, dokin yana tafiya ƙafa 181 a minti kuma yana yin foot-pound 32,600 a lokacin. Watt ya zagaye shi zuwa 33,000, kuma wasu masu bayar da labari suna ƙara cewa ya kuma bar ɗan gefe don masu saya kada su ji takaici.
Ƙarfin doki na ruwa da na drawbar
Ƙarfin doki na ruwa shi ne kwarara ninka tsayi ninka yawa, kuma ƙarfin doki na drawbar shi ne jan a ƙugiya ninka gudu. Famfo da ke ɗaga lita 20 a daƙiƙa da mita 30 yana da 5.9 kW, 7.9 hp na ƙarfin ruwa. Taraktan da ke jan 30 kN a 7 km/h tana da 58 kW, 78 hp na ƙarfin drawbar.
Girman injunan gida
Girman da aka saba su ne 1/20, 1/12, 1/8, 1/6, 1/4, 1/3, 1/2, 3/4 da 1 hp, wato 37, 62, 93, 124, 186, 249, 373, 559 da 746 W. Famfon wurin ninkaya na 1.5 hp shi ne 1,119 W kuma zarin tebur na 1.75 hp 1,305 W. Waɗannan girma sun fito daga zamanin da ake yin injuna da ƙananan girman firam kaɗan.
Injunan Amurka a kan wutar Turai
Injin 1 hp da aka gina don 60 Hz yana gudana a kusan 1,725 rpm a can kuma 1,440 rpm a 50 Hz, yana ba da kusan 620 W maimakon 746 W. Yana kuma jan kusan 8 A a 120 V da rabin haka a 230 V. Lissafin “Canza hp zuwa W” na adadin farantin yana ba da ƙarfin suna kawai, ba abin da injin ke bayarwa a kan wutar da ba ta dace ba.
Wutar farawa
Injin induction yana ɗaukar sau huɗu zuwa bakwai na wutar aikinsa na ɗan juzu'in daƙiƙa. Na'urar matse iska ta 2 hp, 1,491 W a mashigar, tana jan kusan 1,900 W a aiki na yau da kullum da kilowatt da dama a farawa. Janareta da ke ciyar da irin waɗannan nauyi yana buƙatar gefe mai nisa sama da ƙarfin suna.
Na'urorin matse iska
Na'urar matse iska ta bita ta 2 hp tana da 1,491 W a mashigar. Na'urorin matse iska da ake sayarwa da da'awar "peak hp" na 5 ko 6 hp soket ne ke iyakance su zuwa kusan 1,800 W, 2.4 hp. Ainihin adadin shi ne ma'aunin ci gaba, wanda sau da yawa rabin kanun labarin ne.
Fanka da na'urorin hura iska
Na'urar hura iska ta tanderu ta 1/3 hp shi ne 249 W, ta 3/4 hp 559 W. A ingancin kashi 50 zuwa 60 cikin ɗari, na'urar 1/3 hp tana jan 400 zuwa 500 W yayin aiki. Samfura masu gudu mai canzawa suna rage wannan da rabi ko fiye a ƙaramin gudu, domin ƙarfin fanka yana raguwa da cube na gudu.
Famfon sump da na amfani gama-gari
Famfon sump na 1/3 hp shi ne 249 W kuma yana ɗaga kusan lita 7,000 a awa ta mita 4. Famfon amfani gama-gari na 1/2 hp shi ne 373 W. Suna aiki ne kawai lokacin da ruwa ya tashi, don haka kuzarin shekara ƙarami ne ko da ƙarfin lokaci ɗaya ƴan ɗaruruwan watt ne.
Lawn da lambu
Ƙaramar injin yanka ciyawa ta lantarki ta 1.5 hp daidai take da 1,119 W kuma na'urar yanka rassa ta 2.5 hp 1,864 W. Yawanci ana sayar da injunan yanka ciyawa na lantarki da watt ko volt, don haka adadin ƙarfin doki irin wannan galibi ana ganinsa a kan injuna da aka shigo da su.
Misali da aka warware
Kana shigo da na'urar tsotse ƙura ta bita mai alamar 2 hp da 120 V. A mashigar tana da 1,491 W. A ingancin kashi 75 cikin ɗari tana jan 1,988 W, ko 16.6 A a 120 V da 8.6 A a 230 V. A kan da'irar Turai ta 10 A za ta yi aiki, ko da yake tashin farawa na iya yanke breaker mai sauri, don haka nau'in slow-blow ya fi kyau.
Gajeriyar hanyar kai
Don Canza hp zuwa W a kai, ɗauki kashi uku cikin huɗu na kilowatt ga kowane ƙarfin doki. Ga 5 hp: 5 × 750 = 3,750 W, a kan daidai 3,728.5. Kuskuren shi ne kashi 0.6 cikin ɗari. Cire kashi 0.6 cikin ɗari idan kana buƙatar adadi mafi kusa.
Yaya ƙarfin doki na gaske?
Dokin jan kaya zai iya riƙe kusan ƙarfin doki ɗaya na awoyi, kusan 750 W. Na daƙiƙu kaɗan zai iya kaiwa 10 zuwa 15 hp, 7.5 zuwa 11 kW. Mutum a 100 W zai buƙaci abokan aiki bakwai ko takwas don daidaita dokin niƙa ɗaya, kuma ko mai keke mai gudu a 2,000 W, 2.7 hp, yana ɗorewa na daƙiƙu kawai.
Dabarun teburin lissafi
A teburin lissafi, ajiye ƙarfin dokin a ginshiƙi A kuma yi amfani da =A2*745.6999 a ginshiƙi B. Ga juzu'i yi amfani da =(1/3)*745.6999. Akasin haka shi ne =B2/745.6999. Ginshiƙi da ke ninka hp da 0.7457 yana ba da kW kuma yana ba da saurin tabbatarwa.
Zagaye a kan faranti
Faranti suna ba da juzu'i kamar 1/3 hp, don haka 248.57 W a zahiri "kusan 250 W" ne. Zagaya zuwa 10 W mafi kusa. 1/3 hp shi ne 249 W, ba 248.5667 ba. Ƙarin lambobi bayan ɗigo suna nuna daidaito da injin irin wannan ba shi da shi.
Alamomin da za a haddace
1/4 hp shi ne 186 W. 1/2 hp shi ne 373 W. 1 hp shi ne 746 W. 2 hp shi ne 1,491 W. 5 hp shi ne 3,728 W. 10 hp shi ne 7,457 W. 20 hp shi ne 14,914 W. Da waɗannan alamomin kusan kowane Canza hp zuwa W a kai yana yiwuwa.
Tsanin tunani
1/20 hp: 37.3 W. 1/5 hp: 149.1 W. 2/3 hp: 497.1 W. 1.25 hp: 932.1 W. 2.5 hp: 1,864 W. 7.5 hp: 5,593 W. 15 hp: 11,185 W. Da jeri irin wannan ana iya duba kowane sakamako da sauri.
Dubawa ta juyawa
Gwada amsar lissafin “Canza hp zuwa W” ta hanyar ninka ta da 0.00134102: 497.1 W yana ba da 0.667 hp, don haka 2/3 hp da ka fara da shi ya zo lafiya. Alama ta biyu ta kyakkyawan sakamako ita ce adadin watt ya fi na hp sau 700.
Alaƙa da BTU a awa da foot-pound
A cikin ƙarfin doki ɗaya akwai 745.7 W, 2,544 BTU/h, 642 kcal/h da 550 ft·lbf/s. Injin 1/2 hp saboda haka ya yi daidai da 1,272 BTU/h na ƙarfin inji. Naúrorin sun bambanta amma adadin bai bambanta ba, don haka lissafin “Canza hp zuwa W” yana sake sa masa lakabi kawai.
Hanyoyi biyu zuwa amsa ɗaya
Je kai tsaye zuwa watt da 745.7, ko ka bi ta kilowatt: hp × 0.7457 × 1,000. Wata hanya tana amfani da ma'ana, 550 ft·lbf/s × 1.3558. Idan amsoshin suka rabu, lamba ta zame wani wuri.
Fanka na dumama da sanyaya
Na'urar sanyaya ɗaki ta taga tana ɗauke da injin matse kusan 3/4 zuwa 1 hp, 559 zuwa 746 W, amma tana cire 2.6 zuwa 3.5 kW na zafi domin heat pump yana motsa zafi maimakon ya samar da shi. Lissafin “Canza hp zuwa W” a kan irin wannan inji yana nuna wutar lantarki, ba ƙarfin sanyaya ba.
Injunan farko
Injin ƴan'uwan Wright, da aka gina a 1903, ya samar da kusan 12 hp, 8.9 kW. Patent-Motorwagen na farko na Benz na 1885 yana da kusan kashi uku cikin huɗu na ƙarfin doki, kusa da 550 W, kuma Ford Model T na 1908 yana da 20 hp, 14.9 kW. Ƙaramar mota ta zamani tana da 70 zuwa 100 hp, sau uku da rabi zuwa biyar na Model T.
Jiragen ruwan zamanin tururi
An auna injunan Titanic a kusan ƙarfin doki 46,000 a jimla, wato 34.3 MW. Wannan shi ne fitowar kusan mutane 340,000 da ke tsere a 100 W, ko kusan sau 2,300 na Model T. Ma'aunin jiragen ruwa a waɗannan kwanaki yawanci indicated horsepower ne, da aka auna a cikin silinda.
Indicated, shaft da brake
Indicated horsepower, ihp, shi ne aikin da tururi ya yi a kan piston, kamar yadda zanen indicator ya auna. Brake horsepower, bhp, shi ne abin da ke fitowa daga mashigar bayan gogayya. Bambancin yawanci kashi 10 zuwa 15 cikin ɗari ne, don haka 1,000 ihp ya ba da kusan 870 bhp, wato 649 kW a mashigar.
Nominal horsepower
Kafin a iya gwada injuna cikin sauƙi, masu gini sun yi amfani da nominal horsepower da aka lissafa daga girman silinda da matsi na tururi na al'ada. Adadin rarrabuwar kasuwanci ne, ba aunawa ba, kuma injin "10 nhp" sau da yawa yana ba da sau da yawa na wannan a mashigar. Lokacin da ka canza hp zuwa W a kan tsohon faranti, ɗauki sakamakon a matsayin lakabi.
Ƙarfin doki na tukunyar tururi
Ƙarfin doki na tukunyar tururi shi ne ƙafewar fam 34.5 na ruwa a awa daga da a 212 °F, wanda ke ɗauke da 33,475 BTU/h ko 9,809.5 W. Tukunyar tururi ta 50 bhp saboda haka tana da fitowar zafi na 490 kW, daidai da ƙarfin doki na inji 658. Kada ka taɓa karanta bhp na tukunya a matsayin ƙarfin inji.
Ƙarfin doki na lantarki
Masana'antar lantarki ta zagaye naúrar zuwa daidai 746 W, wanda ya bambanta da na inji da kashi 0.04 cikin ɗari. Yana nufin injin 10 hp shi ne 7,460 W bisa wannan ma'ana. Ƙarfin doki na lantarki ɗaya zai haska kwararan fitila 12 masu haske na 60 W, kwatance da ya dace da farkon zamanin haske.
Ƙarfin doki na metric
Nahiyar Turai ta yi amfani da naúra ta kilogram-force mita 75 a daƙiƙa, wato 735.5 W. Ana kiranta PS a Jamusanci, CV a Faransanci da CP a Italiyanci da Spanish, ma'ana ce mai tsabta a tsarin kilogram-force. Mota mai 150 PS tana da 110.3 kW, a kan 111.9 kW na 150 hp.
Ƙarin ƙimomi don Canza hp zuwa W
Dogon jerin canje-canje
Idan ƙimar da kake buƙata ba ta cikin jerin farko ba, waɗannan ƙarin canje-canje na iya zama kusa isa a karanta kai tsaye:
- 0.1 hp = 74.57 W
- 0.5 hp = 372.85 W
- 3 hp = 2,237.1 W
- 4 hp = 2,982.8 W
- 7 hp = 5,219.9 W
- 15 hp = 11,185.5 W
- 20 hp = 14,914 W
- 75 hp = 55,927.5 W
- 200 hp = 149,140 W
- 500 hp = 372,850 W
- 2,000 hp = 1,491,400 W
- 10,000 hp = 7,456,999 W
Kura-kurai na gama-gari da lissafin “Canza hp zuwa W”
Amfani da kuskuren alkibla
Daga hp zuwa watt lambar tana girma. Idan 1/2 hp ya zama 0.0007, ka yi amfani da ma'auni na akasin alkibla.
Mashigar da wuta
373 W na injin 1/2 hp yana a mashigar, yayin da wutar ke ba da 500 zuwa 600 W. Takardun biya da breaker suna dogara da adadin wutar.
Zagaye juzu'i
1/3 hp ba 0.3 hp ba ne. Zagaya zuwa 0.3 yana ba da 224 W maimakon 249 W, kuskure na kashi 10 cikin ɗari. Yi amfani da ainihin juzu'in, 0.3333.
Gajerun amsoshi
Ta yaya zan Canza hp zuwa W?
Ɗauki ƙarfin dokin ninka 745.7.
Menene 1 hp a watt?
Shi ne 745.7 W.
Menene 1/2 hp a watt?
Shi ne 372.8 W.
Menene 1,000 W a hp?
Shi ne 1.341 hp.
Ana aika lambata wani wuri?
A'a, ana lissafa komai a burauza.
Ƙarin shafuka da taƙaitawa
Ana jera sauran canje-canjen ƙarfi a Canza hp zuwa kW, Canza km zuwa mi, Canza mi zuwa km, Canza °C zuwa °F, Canza °F zuwa °C, Canza m zuwa dm, Canza dm zuwa in, Canza Mach zuwa km/h, Canza m/s zuwa Mach. Ana rufe tafiya akasin haka a Canza W zuwa hp.
A taƙaice, lissafin “Canza hp zuwa W” yana buƙatar ninkawa ɗaya da 745.7 da naúra kusa da amsar. Ana lissafa adadin a na'urarka, ba tare da rajista ko loda ba.