Convert bar to Pa bars ↔ pascals Free Online Secure
Type a value in bars and read it in pascals at once. The factor is exact by definition, the arithmetic happens in your browser, and nothing is sent anywhere.
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Common values — Convert bar to Pa (bars ↔ pascals)
| bar | Pa |
|---|---|
| 1 | 100000 |
| 2 | 200000 |
| 3 | 300000 |
| 5 | 500000 |
| 10 | 1000000 |
| 20 | 2000000 |
| 50 | 5000000 |
| 100 | 10000000 |
Where these units come from
Pressure is force spread over an area, and the SI unit says so plainly: a pascal is one newton on one square metre. It is a very small amount — ordinary air presses on us with about 101,325 of them — so practical work uses multiples. The bar was invented in the 1900s by the meteorologist Vilhelm Bjerknes as a round 100,000 pascals, close enough to sea-level air pressure to be a convenient yardstick, and it stuck in weather, in diving and in tyre gauges across Europe. The pound per square inch came the other way, straight from the pound and the inch, and it still rules American industry and the garage forecourt.
Where you meet them
Tyres are the place most people meet pressure, quoted in bar in Europe and in psi in the United States and Britain. Beyond that: weather maps in hectopascals, which are the same number as millibars; boilers, hydraulics and compressed air in bar; gas cylinders, hoses and engine testing in psi; and vacuum work in pascals, where the small unit is finally the right size.
Questions people ask
How is a bar related to atmospheric pressure?
A bar is exactly 100,000 pascals, which is close to the atmosphere but not equal to it: standard atmospheric pressure is 1.01325 bar. Under water the pressure rises by roughly one bar for every ten metres of depth, so a diver at 30 metres feels about four bar in total, counting the air above.
Is a hectopascal the same as a millibar?
Exactly the same, which is why weather forecasts switched between them without anyone noticing. A bar is 100,000 pascals, so a millibar is 100 pascals, and a hectopascal is also 100 pascals. Standard sea-level pressure is 1013.25 of either. Meteorology moved to hectopascals to stay inside the SI, keeping the familiar numbers unchanged.
Is the answer exact?
Where both units are defined in terms of one another by whole numbers, yes — the page says so above the figure, and the only rounding is in how many digits are shown. Where the ratio has no finite decimal, the page shows twelve significant digits and says the relation is approximate rather than pretending otherwise.
Does anything I type leave my device?
No. The arithmetic runs in your browser; nothing is uploaded and there is no server to upload it to. Load the page once and it keeps working with the network switched off.
Bar to pascals in engineering design: forces, stresses and safety margins
On the shop floor, pressure is read in bar. In the design office, every formula that links pressure to force, to stress in a wall or to hydraulic power is written in pascals, newtons and square metres. A designer who feeds bar into such a formula gets answers that are wrong by a factor of 100,000, and the error is not always obvious. To convert bar to Pa, multiply by 100,000: 1 bar is 100,000 Pa, 2.2 bar is 220,000 Pa and 200 bar is 20,000,000 Pa, or 20 MPa. The calculator above multiplies as you type, and the sections below show the conversion at work in typical design checks.
The page gives the rule with worked examples, a profile of each unit, a comparison and a long series of design cases, followed by the usual mistakes. The calculation runs in your browser and nothing you type is sent anywhere. For real projects, follow the codes in force and the advice of a qualified engineer.
How to convert bar to Pa: multiply by 100,000
The calculation
The bar is defined as exactly 100,000 pascals. To convert bar to Pa, take the pressure in bar and multiply by 100,000: 0.5 bar gives 50,000 Pa, 3 bar gives 300,000 Pa, 16 bar gives 1,600,000 Pa and 350 bar gives 35,000,000 Pa. To go back, divide pascals by 100,000.
Worked examples
Atmospheric pressure of 1.01325 bar is 101,325 Pa. A tyre at 2.4 bar is at 240,000 Pa. A hydraulic circuit at 250 bar works at 25 MPa, and a household gas line at 0.02 bar carries 2,000 Pa.
An exact factor
Since the bar is defined through the pascal, there is no rounding. Prefixes shorten the writing: 1 bar is 100 kPa, 10 bar is 1 MPa and 1,000 bar is 100 MPa.
A quick sanity test
The result in pascals has five more digits than the number of bar. If a “convert bar to Pa” calculation gave a smaller number than you started with, you divided instead of multiplying.
The bar
The unit on the gauge
The bar is the unit on workshop manometers, tyre gauges, boilers and compressors. It equals 100,000 pascals and is very close to normal atmospheric pressure, 1.013 bar.
Where it appears
Gauges, labels, data sheets and plumbing and hydraulic codes.
The pascal
The unit in the formulas
The pascal is the SI unit of pressure, one newton per square metre. Formulas that link pressure to force, to energy or to stress in materials are written in pascals, which makes them free of extra factors.
Where it appears
Physics texts, design calculations, material standards and test reports.
Bar against pascal
One bar is 100,000 pascals, so the figure in pascals has five more orders of magnitude. A pressure of 6 bar is 600,000 Pa, or 0.6 MPa. The bar is convenient to read and the pascal convenient to calculate with.
The conversion is exact, with no hidden rounding. The main trap is the number of zeros: one too many or too few changes the result tenfold.
Where the conversion shows up
Force on a piston
Force equals pressure times area. A pneumatic cylinder with a 50 cm² piston, 0.005 m², at 6 bar, 600,000 Pa, delivers 600,000 × 0.005 = 3,000 N. If the bar are not converted to pascals and the area to square metres, the result is wrong by many orders of magnitude. A “convert bar to Pa” calculation is always the first step.
Stress in a vessel wall
The stress in the thin wall of a cylindrical vessel is σ = p × r / t. For 10 bar, 1,000,000 Pa, a radius of 0.5 m and a wall of 8 mm, the stress is 62.5 MPa. Structural steel yields at 235 MPa, so the safety factor is 3.8.
Hydraulic presses
A press at 350 bar, 35 MPa, working on a piston of 0.1 m², delivers 3.5 MN, nearly 357 tonnes-force. Pascals and square metres give newtons directly.
Hydrostatic head
Pressure at depth h is ρgh. For water that is 9,810 Pa per metre. A gauge reading of 4 bar, 400,000 Pa, matches a water column of 40.8 metres. Plumbers talk of head in metres of water, physicists of pressure in pascals.
Technical vacuum
A laboratory vacuum pump reaches 10⁻⁵ bar, 1 Pa, and a high-vacuum system 10⁻⁹ bar, 10⁻⁴ Pa. For such values pascals are used, because bar would need many zeros after the decimal point.
High pressures in megapascals
A common-rail diesel injects at 2,000 bar, 200 MPa. A water jet for cutting metal reaches 4,000 bar, 400 MPa. The ocean floor at 11 km carries 1,100 bar, 110 MPa. The megapascal is the right prefix for these values.
Pipes
For a pipe of 50 mm radius, 3 mm wall and 16 bar, which is 1.6 MPa, the wall stress is 1.6 × 10⁶ × 0.05 / 0.003 = 26.7 MPa. Common steel withstands about nine times as much. The check needs pascals, not bar.
Compressors
A compressor with a gauge reading of 8 bar, 800,000 Pa gauge, delivers 9 bar absolute, 900,000 Pa. The compression ratio against a 1 bar intake is therefore 9. Power calculations use the absolute values, in pascals.
Gauge and absolute pressure
A gauge shows pressure relative to the atmosphere. Gas calculations need the absolute pressure, greater by 101,325 Pa. A gauge of 2.2 bar means 220,000 Pa gauge and 321,325 Pa absolute. The gas law applies to the second.
The mental shortcut
To convert bar to Pa in your head, add five zeros. 2.5 bar becomes 250,000 Pa, 0.8 bar becomes 80,000 Pa and 15 bar becomes 1,500,000 Pa. If the number has decimals, move the point five places to the right.
Spreadsheet formulas
To convert bar to Pa in a spreadsheet, put the pressures in bar in column A and type =A2*100000 in column B. A third column with =B2*area gives the force in newtons. If the area is in cm², divide it by 10,000 first, so that the units agree.
Rounding and precision
A “convert bar to Pa” calculation introduces no rounding error, but the result cannot be more accurate than the gauge. A class 1.6 instrument has an error of 1.6 per cent of its range: on a 10-bar gauge that is ±0.16 bar, ±16,000 Pa.
Landmarks to memorise
0.001 bar is 100 Pa. 0.01 bar is 1,000 Pa. 0.1 bar is 10,000 Pa. 1 bar is 100,000 Pa. 10 bar is 1,000,000 Pa. 100 bar is 10,000,000 Pa. Use them to convert bar to Pa by eye.
Reference ladder
0.005 bar is 500 Pa. 0.05 bar is 5,000 Pa. 0.5 bar is 50,000 Pa. 1.5 bar is 150,000 Pa. 3 bar is 300,000 Pa. 8 bar is 800,000 Pa. 20 bar is 2,000,000 Pa. 350 bar is 35,000,000 Pa. A ladder like this speeds up any convert bar to Pa check.
Test pressures
Systems are pressure-tested at 1.5 times their nominal pressure. For PN 16, which is 16 bar or 1.6 MPa, the test is at 24 bar, 2.4 MPa. If the test gauge reads in bar and the specification in MPa, the correct conversion avoids a test at the wrong level.
Checking by reversing
To check a “convert bar to Pa” calculation result, divide the answer by 100,000. If 2.2 bar became 220,000 Pa, then 220,000 divided by 100,000 returns 2.2. A second test is size: the number of pascals has five more digits.
Old units
Older gauges show kgf/cm², nearly equal to the bar: 1 kgf/cm² is 98,066 Pa. Other units are the technical atmosphere and the torr. Converting through pascals is safe for all of them.
A worked example
A hydraulic cylinder with a piston diameter of 80 mm works at 160 bar. The area is π × 0.04² = 0.005 m². The pressure is 16,000,000 Pa. The force is 16,000,000 × 0.005 = 80,400 N, or 80 kN, about 8.2 tonnes-force. The result comes out in newtons directly.
Pumps and head
A pump that delivers 5 bar, 500,000 Pa, can lift water 51 metres. Makers sometimes give head in metres and sometimes pressure in bar. The link is 9,810 Pa per metre.
Flow and pressure
Hydraulic power is pressure times flow. A pump at 200 bar, 20 MPa, with a flow of 30 litres per minute, 0.0005 m³/s, delivers 10 kW. The formula needs pascals and cubic metres per second, which makes the conversion essential.
Contact pressure
A car tyre at 220,000 Pa carries nearly 340 kilograms on a contact patch of 150 cm². A 70 kg person on soles of 200 cm² presses with about 34,000 Pa, 0.34 bar, and a thin high heel can exceed 1 MPa.
Pressure in buildings
A tall block's water supply is at 4 bar, 400,000 Pa, and the heating circuit at 1.5 bar, 150,000 Pa. Domestic gas is at 0.02 bar, 2,000 Pa. Each circuit is checked in the unit used by its own standard.
Plastic bottles
A plastic bottle for fizzy drinks withstands 8 to 10 bar, 0.8 to 1.0 MPa, before bursting. Everyday pressures are therefore in the hundreds of thousands of pascals, not units.
Applied physics prefixes
In applied physics MPa and GPa are the usual prefixes. The elastic modulus of steel is 210 GPa, 2,100,000 bar. The pressure at the centre of the Earth exceeds 300 GPa, 3 million bar.
Water jets
A washer at 150 bar, 15 MPa, expels water at a theoretical speed of √(2p/ρ) = √(2 × 15,000,000 / 1,000) = 173 m/s, 623 km/h. In practice losses reduce it, but the order of magnitude shows how strong the jet is.
Nominal pressure classes
The labels PN 6, PN 10, PN 16 and PN 25 give the nominal pressure in bar, 0.6, 1.0, 1.6 and 2.5 MPa. Strength tables for materials are in MPa, so one converts from bar to pascals whenever a joint is checked.
Pressure cooker lid
At an overpressure of 1 bar, 100,000 Pa, a lid of 20 cm diameter, area 0.0314 m², is pushed up with 3,142 N, almost 320 kilograms-force. That is why pressure cookers have special locks and safety valves.
Suction cups
A suction cup of 10 cm², 0.001 m², under a vacuum of 0.8 bar, 80,000 Pa, holds with 80 N, about 8 kilograms-force. Industrial cups for glass panels use hundreds of square centimetres and vacuum gauges in bar.
Two routes to one result
You can go from bar to pascals directly with 100,000, or through kPa: multiply by 100, then by 1,000. If the results disagree, a digit was copied wrongly.
Sizing a relief valve
A relief valve discharges when the pressure force on its seat exceeds the spring force. For a seat of 2 cm², 0.0002 m², set at 10 bar, 1,000,000 Pa, the spring must supply 200 N. Valve catalogues quote set pressures in bar, while the spring design is done in newtons and pascals, so a “convert bar to Pa” calculation sits at the heart of the check.
Bolted covers
An inspection cover of 30 cm diameter, area 0.0707 m², on a vessel at 2 bar, 200,000 Pa, experiences a force of 14,137 N. Eight bolts share that load, each carrying about 1,767 N, which a standard M10 bolt handles comfortably. The calculation shows why covers on high-pressure vessels need many large bolts.
Bubbles and surface tension
The excess pressure inside a soap bubble of radius 1 cm is 4γ/r, which for γ = 0.025 N/m is 10 Pa, 0.0001 bar. In a droplet of water of radius 1 micrometre it is about 144,000 Pa, 1.44 bar. Small pressures like these belong naturally to the pascal.
Safety valves
The valve of a domestic boiler opens at 3 bar, 300,000 Pa. On a vessel with 2 m² of wall, that pressure means a total force of 600 kN. The valve limits it to a safe value.
Energy in compressed gas
The product of pressure and volume has the dimension of energy. For a 12-litre cylinder, 0.012 m³, at 200 bar, 20 MPa, pV is 240 kJ. The energy really stored depends on the process, but the order of magnitude shows why cylinders must be handled with care.
The gas law
The equation pV = nRT needs pressure in pascals. For one mole of gas at 273.15 K and 101,325 Pa the volume is 22.4 litres. Entering the pressure in bar, as 1.01325, would give a volume 100,000 times too large. A correct convert bar to Pa avoids the error.
Atmospheric pressure
Standard atmospheric pressure is 1.01325 bar, 101,325 Pa, which means a force of 101,325 N on each square metre, almost 10.3 tonnes-force. At 3,000 metres the pressure is 0.70 bar, 70,100 Pa. Altimeters rely on the relation between pressure and height.
Weather in hectopascals
Forecasts give pressure in hectopascals: 1,013 hPa is 1.013 bar or 101,300 Pa. One hectopascal is 100 Pa or 0.001 bar. To go from bar to hPa, multiply by 1,000. A pressure of 0.96 bar is 960 hPa, typical of a deep depression.
Sound pressure
Street noise has a sound pressure of about 0.2 Pa and a rock concert 20 Pa. In bar these are 2 × 10⁻⁶ and 2 × 10⁻⁴. That is why sound is measured in pascals or decibels, never in bar: the variations are tiny compared with atmospheric pressure.
More values for convert bar to Pa
A longer list of conversions
If the value you need is not in the first list, these further conversions may be close enough to read off directly:
- 0.1 bar = 10,000 Pa
- 0.5 bar = 50,000 Pa
- 3 bar = 300,000 Pa
- 4 bar = 400,000 Pa
- 7 bar = 700,000 Pa
- 15 bar = 1,500,000 Pa
- 20 bar = 2,000,000 Pa
- 75 bar = 7,500,000 Pa
- 200 bar = 20,000,000 Pa
- 500 bar = 50,000,000 Pa
- 2,000 bar = 200,000,000 Pa
- 10,000 bar = 1,000,000,000 Pa
Common slips with a “convert bar to Pa” calculation
Dividing by 100,000
From bar to pascals the number grows. If 2.2 bar became 0.000022, you divided instead of multiplying.
Area in cm²
With pascals, area must be in square metres. 50 cm² is 0.005 m². Mixed units give errors of 10,000 times.
Mixing bar and hPa
A bar has 1,000 hPa, not 100. A pressure of 1.013 bar is 1,013 hPa.
Questions in brief
What is the formula to convert bar to Pa?
Pascals equal bar times 100,000.
What is 1 bar in pascals?
Exactly 100,000 Pa.
What is 2.2 bar in pascals?
220,000 Pa.
What is 101,325 Pa in bar?
1.01325 bar.
Is my number uploaded?
No, everything is computed in your browser.
Related pages and a summary
You may also want Convert bar to psi, Convert km to mi, Convert mi to km, Convert °C to °F, Convert °F to °C, Convert knots to mph, Convert cm to mm, Convert Mach to mph, Convert nmi to km. For the opposite direction, see Convert Pa to bar.
Summing up: bar become pascals when multiplied by 100,000, and the unit goes next to the answer. Everything stays in your browser, with no account and no upload.